Katahdin Ethos represents the history, character, and fundamental values passed down through generations by the brave

men and women who risked everything to build the Katahdin Region in the North Maine Woods.

Our History

Maine's Katahdin region has a unique history, and we're proud of what our previous generations built. The area went from nothing but wilderness to a thriving town with the largest mill in the world in just a few short years, and that is no small feat. Although life has changed in recent years, our goal is to share and never forget the history and way of life that Great Northern Paper created for this town throughout the 20th century.

Our Character

The early men and women of the Katahdin region shared a common trait. To work hard, provide for their family, and instill those characteristics in their children. It's something we never forgot, and even today, if you ask somebody in town for help, more than likely, they'll go out of their way for you. Whether you live here or are visiting, you can rest assured knowing you're in good hands in our community; it's just how we were raised.

Our Fundamental Values

Since March 16th, 1901, when Millinocket, Maine was incorporated, the town and its people developed values that have long stood the test of time, and those values are seen throughout the area today. Living in the Katahdin region is a way of life. Residents will fight for those values and traditions passed down from previous generations to remain rooted in future generations. We take pride in family, friends, and our community.

Millinocket - The Magic City in Maine's Wilderness

That's our nickname, or more simply, just Magic City. You might be wondering how it came about. Before the paper mill existed, there was nothing here except a few early settlers. Great Northern Paper seemingly sprang up overnight. But more specifically, in about two short years of hurried construction, the town appeared beside it.

Great Northern Paper grew to become the largest mill in the world at the time, and Millinocket became known as "The Magic City in Maine's Wilderness." Great Northern Paper was the leader in the industry while setting the trend for the rest of the world for the paper-making process and creating the strongest economy in Maine.

But let's take a step back to almost 200 years ago. Millinocket, Maine, was first settled in 1829 by Thomas Fowler and his family, who cleared land for a farm. When the Bangor and Aroostook Railroad extended its service to Houlton in 1894, the railroad line ran through the Millinocket area and opened it to development.

An engineering graduate from the University of Maine named Charles W. Mullen proposed a hydroelectric dam on the West Branch of the Penobscot River and recognized the falls would be an ideal water power source to operate a large pulp and paper mill. Mullen contacted Garret Schenck, the vice-president of the International Paper mill in Rumford Falls, Maine, and an expert in the industry regarding building a pulp and paper mill near a dam. Mr. Schenck agreed to construct the mill and set about to obtain the necessary financial backing.

After securing rights to the land, the chosen site was at the junction of the West Branch of the Penobscot River and Millinocket Stream, where it continues to be today. They wasted no time, and on May 15, 1899, construction began on the Great Northern Paper Company mill. The mill's location was not near any towns, so it became necessary to build one. Millinocket, which means "the land of many islands" after all the islands in the Penobscot River (and the name having nothing to do with the mill), was incorporated on March 16, 1901.

Great Northern Paper Site in Millinocket, Maine 1899
Great Northern Paper Mill Site in 1899
Millinocket, Maine
1950 Aerial View of the Great Northern Paper Mill in Millinocket, Maine
Great Northern Paper Mill in 1950
Millinocket, Maine

The Rise and Fall of a Paper Mill Empire

Garret Schenck contracted a bonded labor force containing many stonemasons from Italy. The term 'bonded' in this situation referred to the fact that the Italians were to pay their due for the passage to America and were in debt the minute they set foot in the country. Italian masons were substantially responsible for the construction of the Millinocket mill. Construction began in 1906 on the second Great Northern Paper in East Millinocket and finished in 1907.

Throughout the entire 20th century, the community prospered greatly. It developed a reputation as a small but very successful rural town, mainly due to the paper industry and its proximity to Mount Katahdin, Maine's tallest mountain and the northern terminus of the Appalachian Trail, along with Moosehead Lake, which is Maine's largest lake and has attracted many fishermen from around the world.

However, in early 2003, Great Northern Paper announced it filed for bankruptcy protection for its Millinocket and East Millinocket mills. Since then, Millinocket has struggled to reshape the economy while receiving significant help from the state government and local economic development efforts. Many residents and former mill employees will tell you it was miscalculations, missteps, and greed from a succession of owners that led to the 2003 bankruptcy.

These days, the paper mill, most of the buildings, and the paper-making machines are long gone forever, but the legacy left by the men and women responsible for its massive success will live on forever. We can never forget our town's history because, without Great Northern Paper, the town of Millinocket, Maine, wouldn't exist. We want to take you on a ride through the 20th century and showcase our history, so welcome to the Magic City in Maine's Wilderness; we're happy to have you as part of our community.

Cutting Logs With a Precision Chainsaw in the 1940's
Cutting Logs With a Precision Chainsaw in the 1940's
Two Horses Pulling a Pulpwood Sled in the 1930's
Two Horses Pulling a Pulpwood Sled in the 1930's
Paper Mill Workers Picking Pulpwood off the River Bank in Millinocket Maine
Mill Workers Picking Pulpwood
off the River Bank
in the 1920's

The Katahdin Region Has Something for Every Outdoorsman

Whether you're from the Millinocket area, have vacationed here and taken advantage of all the sights and outdoor activities in Northern Maine (Maine's motto is Vacationland, after all), or have hiked the Appalachian Trail. Either way, if you've been lucky enough to spend time here and experience the community, you know how special it is and caring the residents are, even when you're from out of state, or as we say, "outah statah."

If you love the outdoors, we have something for you to enjoy while creating memories with friends and families to share for years to come. Many Hollywood celebrities, musicians, athletes, and more have taken their passion for the wilderness to our neck of the woods in Maine to hunt, fish, and relax.

One, in particular, was Red Sox legend Ted Williams. The Katahdin area was one of his favorite places to get away from the spotlight and the baseball writers, whom he often feuded with and referred to as "Knights of the Typewriter," or as we refer to these days online, "Keyboard Warriors." He was occasionally seen around Millinocket and loved meeting with friends to go fishing, especially fly fishing. As you would expect, he was known as one of the best fly fishermen anybody had ever seen, just as he was the best at almost everything he did, including hitting a baseball.

Most people know Ted Williams only as a Major League Baseball Hall of Famer, but in 2000, he also earned his spot in the International Game Fish Association Hall of Fame. We like to think the Northern Maine lakes helped polish his fishing skills over the years.

Maine's Biggest Small Town is Waiting for You

Katahdin Ethos was created for you, the resident, the business owner, the vacationer, the hiker, the hunter, the fisherman, the snowmobiler, the photographer, the history buff, and anybody who wants to know more about our great little community in Maine.

View the large and growing historical Katahdin region photo gallery and experience how the men and women of our area worked for generations to build and maintain our prosperous town throughout the 19th, 20th, and 21st centuries..

We love our local business owners and hope you will as well. Stop into any of them around town to say hi and do some shopping. It's also an opportunity to support the hard-working men and women who are the backbone of our local economy.

Do you want one last reason to visit us? In 2015, National Geographic named their top 10 summit hikes in the world, and our very own Mt. Katahdin made the list at number 2. So, what are you waiting for? We'll see you soon!

Katahdin Ethos Logo

WHAT IS KATAHDIN ETHOS?

Katahdin Ethos represents the history, character, and fundamental values passed down through generations by the brave men and women who risked everything to build the Katahdin Region in the North Maine Woods.

CONNECT WITH US

© 2025 Katahdin Ethos. All Rights Reserved.